What is the primary function of a weather radar?

The primary function of a weather radar is to detect precipitation and its intensity. Weather radars operate by sending out microwave pulses, which bounce off precipitation particles, such as raindrops or snowflakes. The radar then captures the returning signals, allowing meteorologists to determine not only the location of precipitation but also its intensity, movement, and type (rain, snow, sleet, etc.). This information is crucial for weather forecasting and monitoring severe weather events like thunderstorms and tornadoes, as it helps in tracking storm systems and issuing timely warnings.

While other options involve different aspects of meteorology, such as earthquakes, temperature, and atmospheric pressure, they do not relate to the main operational capabilities of weather radar technology. For instance, predicting earthquakes is a function of seismic monitoring, while temperature measurement relies on thermometers and other meteorological instruments. Atmospheric pressure is monitored using barometers, which also fall outside the radar's scope. Thus, the choice that best aligns with the distinctive purpose of weather radar is its ability to detect precipitation and measure its intensity.