What is the primary function of the ozone layer?

The primary function of the ozone layer is to absorb harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. The ozone layer, located in the stratosphere, contains a high concentration of ozone (O3) molecules that are particularly effective at filtering out the sun's most dangerous UV radiation. This process helps protect living organisms on Earth, including humans, animals, and plants, from the harmful effects of excessive UV exposure, which can lead to skin cancer, cataracts, and other health issues, as well as negatively impacting ecosystems.

In contrast, options related to controlling the Earth's temperature, filtering pollutants, or supporting the greenhouse effect do not accurately represent the primary role of the ozone layer. While the ozone layer does play a role in maintaining overall environmental health, its main purpose is unequivocally centered around protecting life on Earth from harmful UV radiation.